Get Permission Kour: A pre experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding management of dementia among geriatric care givers

Journal Information

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Innovative Publication

Journal ID (publisher-id): Innovative Publication

Journal ID (journal_submission_guidelines): https://www.ipinnovative.com/journals/IJPNS

Title: IP Journal of Paediatrics and Nursing Science

ISSN: 2582-4031

Article Information

Copyright: 2023

Date received: 9 January 2023

Date accepted: 28 January 2023

Publication date: 8 May 2023

Volume: 6

Issue: 1

Page: 34

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijpns.2023.005

A pre experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding management of dementia among geriatric care givers

[] Ambika Kour[1]

Email: kourambika@gmail.com

Designation:

Assistant Professor

 

Dept. of Paediatrics and Nursing Science, Malwanchal University Indore, Madhya Pradesh India

Abstract

Introduction: Dementia is a chronic progressive debilitating disease that is largely a disorder of old age. It is characterized by widespread impairment of mental functioning, progressive memory loss, language difficulties, confusion and disorientation. These impairments are often accompanied by behavioral and psychological disturbance. The behavioral disturbances associated with dementia are defined as symptoms of disturbed perception, altered thought content, mood and Behavior.

Materials and Methods: A pre-experimental research design with one group pre-test and post-test design was adopted. Sixty samples of geriatric care givers were selected from Chhatauna and Mandir Hausad, Arrang, Raipur, (C.G.). Samples were using by convenient sampling technique. A self structured knowledge questionnaire was prepared as a tool to assess socio demographic variables, and knowledge of geriatric care givers regarding management of dementia. Collected data was analyzed using paired „ z‟- test and chi-square test.

Results: In the pretest 38 (63.33%) are having poor knowledge,22 (36.66%) are having Average knowledge and no one had good Knowledge. After administration of structured teaching programmein the post test level of knowledge has improved in 34 (56.66%) are having average Knowledge and26 (43.33%) are having good knowledge and no one had poor knowledge. Hence it can be interpreted that in the pretest majority of the geriatric care giver were in the poor category and after structured teaching programme the geriatric care giver gained adequate knowledge regarding management of dementia of the subject were in the good category. In the pre test the calculated mean is 9 the mean score 30% the standard deviation is 3.86 and in the post test the calculated mean is 20.5, the mean score 66.83% and the standard deviation is 5.27, hence it can be interpreted that there is a striking difference between the mean pretest and post test knowledge score of geriatric care giver which explains that the structured teaching programme was effective in enhancing the knowledge score regarding management of dementia among geriatric care givers in selected area of Raipur, Chhattisgarh. Hence, it can conclude that the structured teaching programme was highly effective. And they gain knowledge i.e 36.83% using„ z‟ test it was found that at 0.05 level of significance the table value is 2.00 and the calculated value is 7.81(p>0.05) which shows that the calculated value is higher than the table value, so the test was highly Significant at 0.05 level. Research hypothesis (H1) was accepted.

Conclusion: Findings of the study indicates significant difference in the knowledge level after administration of Structured teaching Prgramme regarding Management of Dementia among Geriatric care Givers in Selected Area of Raipur, Chhattisgarh.

Introduction

Dementia is a collective term used to describe the problems that people with various underlying brain disorders or damage can have with their memory, language and thinking. Alzheimer's disease,vascular disease, front temporal dementia are the best known and most common disorders under the umbrella of dementia.1 Dementia as a Clinical Syndrome is Characterized by global Cognitive impairment, which represents a decline from previous level of functioning, and is associated with impairment in functional abilities and, in many cases , Behavioral and Psychiatric disturbances.2

Dementia is a group of conditions characterized by impairment of at least two brain functions, such as memory loss and judgment.3 Symptoms include forgetfulness, limited social skills and thinking abilities so impaired that it interferes with daily functioning.4 Medication and therapies may help manage symptoms. Some causes are reversible.

The Causes of Dementia depend on the age at which symptoms begin. In the elderly population (usually over 65 years of age), a large majority of cases of dementia are caused by Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia or both. The Hypothyroidism sometimes causes slowly progressive cognitive impairment as the main symptom, and this may be fully reversible with treatment.5 The Front-temporal lobar degenerationand Huntington's diseaseaccount for most of the remaining Cases. Stroke or Cerebro -Vascular accidents can cause Dementia and are associated with sudden onset of focal Neurologic deficits. Psychiatric diseases such as; Dementia of Depression , Schizophrenia are also causes dementia.6

Need for the study

Dementia is a broad category of brain diseases that cause a long-term and often gradual decrease in the ability to think and remember that is great enough to affect a person's daily functioning. Other Common Symptoms include emotional problems, difficulties with language, and a decrease in motivation. A person's consciousness is usually not affected. A Dementia diagnosis requires a change from a person's usual mental functioning and a greater decline than one would expect due to aging. These diseases also have a significant effect on a person's Caregivers7

By looking into all the previous studies , abstracts, journal and personal experience during my clinical postings I concluded that dementia is major health problems and caring the people with dementia is a major challenge for the caregivers therefore as a mental health nurse I choose this topic for my research study “A Pre Experimental Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme Regarding Management of Dementia Among Geriatric Care Givers in Selected Area of Raipur , Chhattisgarh".8

Statement of the problem

“A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme Regarding Management of Dementia Among Geriatric Care Givers in Selected Area of Raipur, Chhattisgarh.”

Objectives of the Study

  1. To assess the pre test and post test level of knowledge regarding management of dementia among geriatric care givers

  2. To evaluate the effectiveness of Structured teaching Programme regarding management of dementia among geriatric care givers

  3. To find out the association between pre test levels of Knowledge regarding Management of Dementia with the selected Demographic variables.

Hypothesis

  1. H1:- There is a difference between the pre test and post test level of knowledge regarding Management of Dementia among Geriatric Care Givers.

  2. H2:-There is an association between the pres test level of knowledge regarding Management of Dementia with the selected Demographic Variables.

Research approach

Quantitative experimental research approach was adopted.

Research design

In this study the design used is pre-experimental (one group pre-test post-test experimental design).

Variable Under Study

Independent variables

In this study the independent variable is the structured teaching programme.

Dependent variables

In this study the dependent variable is the knowledge regarding management of dementia.

Setting of the study

The setting for the study was Chhatauna and Mandir Hasaud, Aarang Raipur.

Sample

The sample for the present study is 60 geriatric care givers and who had agreed to participate in the study.

Figure 1
https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/typeset-prod-media-server/e9a8d2f8-9a8a-4218-aa4c-2ec4621d09a5image1.png

Table 1

Frequency and percentage distribution of subjects according to socio demographic variables (N=60)

Sl .No

Demographic Data

Frequency (f)

Percentage (%)

1

Age

20-30 Years

10

16.66

30-40 Years

19

31.66

40-50 Years

25

41.66

Above 50 Years

6

10

2

Sex

Male

26

43.33

Female

34

56.66

3

Religion

Hindu

29

48.33

Muslim

13

21.66

Christian

14

23.33

Other

4

6.66

4

Education

Illiterate

6

10

Primary

23

38.33

Higher Education

31

51.66

5

Marital Status

Unmarried

21

35

Married

31

51.66

Widow/Widower

8

13.33

6

Occupation

Labor

16

26.66

Business

15

25

Private

19

31.66

Government

10

16.66

7

Type Family

Nuclear

22

36.66

Joint

38

63.33

8

Type of Admission

Self

38

63.33

By Relatives

22

36.66

9

Number of Children

Nil

26

1-2 Years

28

3-4 Years

6

10

Duration of Care

6 Month

18

1 Year

31

More Than 2 Years

11

11

Place of Care

Home

33

Private

16

Government

11

12

Age of Care Taker

60-65 Years

18

65-70 Years

21

70-75 Years

14

Above 75 Years

7

13

Durations of Suffering from Dementia

1-4 Yrs

26

5-9 Yrs

19

10-15 Yrs

11

Above 15 Yrs

4

Total

100

Table 2

Analysis the overall pre-test and post testlevel of Knowledge regarding management of dementia among geriatric care givers in selected area of Raipur, Chhattisgarh.(N=60)

Sl. No

Levels of knowledge

Pretest

Posttest

Frequency

Percentag e

Frequenc y (f)

Percentage (%)

1

Poor

38

63.33%

0

0%

2

Average

22

36.66%

34

56.66%

3

Good

0

0%

26

43.33%

TOTAL

60

100%

60

100%
Figure 2

Cone diagram representing the over all analysis of pre test and post test knowledge score

https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/typeset-prod-media-server/e9a8d2f8-9a8a-4218-aa4c-2ec4621d09a5image2.png

Table 3

Assessment the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding Management of dementia among geriatric care Givers in selected area of Raipur, Chhattisgarh. (N=60)

Knowledge

Mean

Mean score %

Sd

Gain in marks in %.

"z" calculated value

Df

T- value

Inference

Pre-test

9

30

3.86

36.83 %

7.44

59

0.05

Highly significant

Post-test

20.05

66.83

5.27

2.001
Figure 3

Bar diagram representing the overall analysis of mean, mean percent and standard deviation of pre test and post test knowledge Score.

https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/typeset-prod-media-server/e9a8d2f8-9a8a-4218-aa4c-2ec4621d09a5image3.png

Table 4

Chi Square Analysis to find out the association between pre test Level of knowledge and demographic variables.(N=60)

S.no

Socio demographic variable

Criteria

Chi -square value

D f

Significance

1

Age in years

Table

Calculated

20-30

6

4

0

12.59

3.41

6

p>0.05 S*

30-40

10

9

0

40-50

19

6

0

Above 50

5

1

0

2

Sex

7.8

0.54

3

p>0.05 HS*

Male

16

10

0

Female

24

10

0

3

Religion

12.59

0.6

6

p>0.05 S*

Hindu

18

11

0

Muslim

10

3

0

Christian

9

5

0

Other

3

1

0

4

Education

9.4

0.6

4

p>0.05 S*

Illiterate

4

2

0

Primary

14

9

0

Higher education

22

9

0

5

Marrital status

9.4

2.13

4

p>0.05 S*

Unmarried

16

5

0

Married

18

13

0

Widow/widower

6

2

0

Unmarried

16

5

0

6

Occupation

12.59

6.79

6

p>0.05 S*

Labour

8

8

0

Business

10

5

0

Private

10

9

0

Govt

10

0

0

7

Type of family

7.8

0.57

3

p>0.05 S*

Nuclear

17

5

0

Joint

23

15

0

8

Type of admission

7.8

0.57

3

p>0.05 S*

Self

24

14

0

Relatives

16

6

0

9

Number of children

9.4

1.75

4

p>0.05 S*

Nil

18

8

0

Nil

1-2 years

18

10

0

1-2 years

3-4 years

4

2

0

3-4 years

10

Duration of care

9.4

1.75

4

p>0.05 S*

6 month

14

4

0

1 year

21

10

0

>2 years

5

6

0

11

Place of care

Home

22

11

0

Private

12

4

0

Govt.

6

5

0

12

Age of care taker in years

12.59

0.96

6

p>0.05 HS*

60-65

14

4

0

65-70

12

9

0

70-75

9

5

0

Above 75

5

2

0

13

Duration of suffering with dementia in years

12.59

3.7

6

p>0.05 S*

1-4

16

9

0

5-9

15

5

0

10-15

7

4

0

Above 15

1

3

0

[i] S – Significant, N.S- Not Significant, H.S- Highly Significant

Sampling technique

Convenient sampling is a type of non probability sampling that involve the sample being drawn from that part of the population that is close to hand

Sample selection criteria

The samples were selected with the following pre-determined set criteria.

Inclusive crite: RIA

  1. Willing to participate in the study.

  2. Available during the period of data collection.

  3. Both gender

  4. Geriatric care giver able to read English

Exclusive criteria

  1. Geriatric care givers who are not available during study

  2. A caregiver who are illiterate

Pilot study

Pilot study was under taken covering the entire process of research In chattuana Raipur (C.G.) After obtaining permission from the Principal of Our College RITEE College of Nursing, Raipur (C.G) to conduct the study. 6 subjects were selected for the study by convenient sampling technique. The purpose of the study was explained to each subject and consent was obtained from them. The investigator assured them that information will be kept confidential starting from the first day in the study. The researcher spent 25-30 minutes with each care givers . The tool was found to be feasible to collect the required information related to management of dementia. The subject did not experience any difficulty in understanding the tool. Finally the tool was adopted.

Materials and Methods

  1. Section-I: Frequency and percentage distribution of subject according to socio demographic variables.Section–II: Analysis of overall pre test and post test level of knowledge score regarding Management of Dementia among Geriatric care Givers in selected area of Raipur, Chhattisgarh.Section-III: Analysis of effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding Management of Dementia among geriatric care givers in selected area of Raipur, Chhattisgarh.Section-1V: Chi -Square Analysis the Association Between Pre Test Level of Knowledge regarding management of dementia with the Socio Demographic Variable.

Section -I Table 1

Analysis the findings of association between the pre test level of knowledge regarding management of dementia among geriatric care givers with the selected demographic variables.

Summary

This chapter presents a brief account of the present study, conclusion drawn from the findings, implications, delimitation and recommendation for future research in the area.

Source of Funding

None.

Conflict of Interest

None.

References

1 

Lalitha Text book of Mental Health Nursing1stKumar publications20072215

2 

A Pollack The Hindu Advances in diagnosing Alzheimer’s Disease2nd200718

3 

L Ayalon PA Arean Knowledge of Alzheimer's disease in four ethnic groups of older adultsInt J Geriatr Psychiatry200419 1517

4 

C Berr J Wancata K Ritchie Prevalence of dementia in the elderly in EuropeEur Neuropsychopharmacol200515746371

5 

V Fessey Patients who present with dementia: exploring the knowledge of hospital nursesNursr Older People200719102933

6 

M Haupt A Karger Improvement of agitation and anxiety in demented patients after psychoeducative group intervention with their caregiversInt J Geriatr Psychiatry20001512112534

7 

BS Johnson Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing: Adaptation and Growth4th199961839

8 

BS Johnson Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing: Adaptation and Growth199961820

Keywords

Categories:

Subject: Original Research Article

Keywords:

Keywords

BPSD: Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia

NPI: National Provider Identifier

MBPC: Memory and Behaviour Problems Checklist

CBT: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

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Article History

Received : 09-01-2023

Accepted : 28-01-2023


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